Reference monitors for security and interoperability in OAuth 2.0

OAuth 2.0 is a recent IETF standard devoted to providing authorization to clients requiring access to specific resources over HTTP. It was recently adopted by major internet players like Google, Facebook, and Microsoft. It has been pointed out that this framework is potentially subject to security issues, as well as difficulties concerning the interoperability between protocol participants and application evolution. As we show in this paper, there are indeed multiple reasons that make this protocol hard to implement and impede interoperability in the presence of different kinds of client. Our main contribution consists in a framework that harnesses a type-based policy language and aspect-based support for protocol adaptation through flexible reference monitors in order to handle security, interoperability and evolution issues of OAuth 2.0. We apply our framework in the context of three scenarios that make explicit variations in the protocol and show how to handle those issues.